Non-Thermal Plasma-Activated Water: A Cytogenotoxic Potential on Triticum aestivum

Non-thermal plasma-activated water (PAW) is used in agriculture to decontaminate the seed/grains surface, with possible positive effects on physiological processes. In present study, PAW was generated ambient air at atmospheric pressure eight variants pH and different doses of reactive species (H2O2, NO3−). We explored indirect effect wheat grains while focusing genetic material by cytogenetic monitoring. All caused clastogenic aneugenic events material, intensities, a dose-dependent manner plasma composition. highest H2O2 (13–22 mg/L) NO3− (49–68 3.8–4.1 decreased mitotic index most induced frequent abnormalities, out which chromosomal bridges micronuclei were dominant. correlation this damage nucleus level, germination rate root shoot length sprouts significantly only species. lowest (1–5 (8–15 5.5–5.1 much lower cytogenotoxic potential, maintained comparable control even stimulated growth. Thus, depend highly dose pH.